In November 2023, the State of New York filed a lawsuit alleging that PepsiCo endangered public health and polluted the Buffalo River in upstate New York related to single use plastic packaging from its products. New York sought to hold PepsiCo liable for the independent actions of third parties under a novel theory of liability. The City of Baltimore, MD, and the County of Los Angeles, CA, subsequently filed their own plastics pollution lawsuits against PepsiCo under the same theory of liability. In October 2024, the State of New York’s complaint was dismissed, with the court forcefully rejecting this theory of liability. It remains to be seen whether plaintiffs advancing similar arguments in other jurisdictions will fare any better.